FREE WILL (LIVRE ABÍTRIO)

Bom,não querendo dar uma de intelectualóide metida,as questões abordadas no filme "Waking life",são questões que todos deveríamos parar para analisar sempre que possível.Num mundo globalizado,digitalizado,sobra pouco tempo para introspecções,filosofia...O computador/internet com certeza operou mudanças na minha vida,só que se eu disser que prefiro estar aqui a estar num bar em companhia dos amigos discutindo essas questões ao vivo e à cores,vou estar mentindo.E hoje em dia,quem realmente quer falar à respeito de questões mais profundas?Ter a profundidade de um píres deve ser mais divertido.Felizmente ou infelizmente não sou assim.Essas questões me tocam.Essa é uma parte do filme,que questiona nosso Livre Arbítrio.Quantas vezes não pensamos que quando algumas pessoas aparecem em nossas vidas,ou quando coisas boas acontecem,não é obra de Deus?E se for assim,se Ele tem o poder de decidir o que é melhor para nós,onde entra o Lívre arbítrio?É como aquela piadinha do cara na enchente?Eu mesma não penso muito à respeito porque ainda não consegui chegar à um consenso quanto a Deus,assim sendo,analisar se sou memo livre ou não,seria perda de tempo.No entanto a questão não deixa de ser interessante.Sou eu quem escolho ou as coisas já estavam escolhidas?Essas pessoas que amam tanto,eu as trouxe?Ou foram trazidas????É a charada da Tostines...rrsssss De qualquer forma,é interessante.Me fez parar para escrever.
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"Como podemos ser livres se Deus já sabe antecipadamente o que vamos fazer?" "Quem você é é basicamente um resultado das suas livres escolhas ou das quais você tem responsabilidade.Você só pode ser considerado responsável ou culpado,ou ser admirado e respeitado pelas coisas que você fez com seu livre arbítrio.Então,a pergunta continua voltando e não temos realmente uma solução para ela.Parece que todas nossas decisões são realmente apenas uma charada."

(Philosopher professor talking in his office - University of Texas: Austin philosophy professor David Sosa)

In a way, in our contemporary world view, it's easy to think that science has come to take the place of God. But some philosophical problems remain as troubling as ever. Take the problem of free will. This problem has been around for a long time, since before Aristotle in 350 B.C. St. Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas, these guys all worried about how we can be free if God already knows in advance everything you're gonna do. Nowadays we know that the world operates according to some fundamental physical laws, and these laws govern the behavior of every object in the world. Now, these laws, because they're so trustworthy, they enable incredible technological achievements. But look at yourself. We're just physical systems too, right? We're just complex arrangements of carbon molecules. We're mostly water, and our behavior isn't gonna be an exception to these basic physical laws. So it starts to look like whether its God setting things up in advance and knowing everything you're gonna do or whether it's these basic physical laws governing everything, there's not a lot of room left for freedom.

So now you might be tempted to just ignore the question, ignore the mystery of free will. Say "Oh, well, it's just an historical anecdote. It's sophomoric. It's a question with no answer. Just forget about it." But the question keeps staring you right in the face. You think about individuality for example, who you are. Who you are is mostly a matter of the free choices that you make. Or take responsibility. You can only be held responsible, you can only be found guilty, or you can only be admired or respected for things you did of your own free will. So the question keeps coming back, and we don't really have a solution to it. It starts to look like all our decisions are really just a charade.

Think about how it happens. There's some electrical activity in your brain. Your neurons fire. They send a signal down into your nervous system. It passes along down into your muscle fibers. They twitch. You might, say, reach out your arm. It looks like it's a free action on your part, but every one of those - every part of that process is actually governed by physical law, chemical laws, electrical laws, and so on.

So now it just looks like the big bang set up the initial conditions, and the whole rest of human history, and even before, is really just the playing out of subatomic particles according to these basic fundamental physical laws. We think we're special. We think we have some kind of special dignity, but that now comes under threat. I mean, that's really challenged by this picture.

So you might be saying, "Well, wait a minute. What about quantum mechanics? I know enough contemporary physical theory to know it's not really like that. It's really a probabilistic theory. There's room. It's loose. It's not deterministic." And that's going to enable us to understand free will. But if you look at the details, it's not really going to help because what happens is you have some very small quantum particles, and their behavior is apparently a bit random. They swerve. Their behavior is absurd in the sense that its unpredictable and we can't understand it based on anything that came before. It just does something out of the blue, according to a probabilistic framework. But is that going to help with freedom? I mean, should our freedom be just a matter of probabilities, just some random swerving in a chaotic system? That starts to seem like it's worse. I'd rather be a gear in a big deterministic physical machine than just some random swerving.

So we can't just ignore the problem. We have to find room in our contemporary world view for persons with all that that entails; not just bodies, but persons. And that means trying to solve the problem of freedom, finding room for choice and responsibility, and trying to understand individuality.